Posted 2 августа 2021,, 09:03

Published 2 августа 2021,, 09:03

Modified 24 декабря 2022,, 22:37

Updated 24 декабря 2022,, 22:37

Gigantomania and the second shift: thoughtless development of Moscow led to a shortage of schools

Gigantomania and the second shift: thoughtless development of Moscow led to a shortage of schools

2 августа 2021, 09:03
From the new academic year, many Moscow schools will switch to double-shift studies. Parents are already writing emotional letters about this to the Department of Education and the Moscow City Duma.
Сюжет
Construction

An appeal from a large group of parents was also received by Novye Izvestia. We decided to look into this problem in more detail.

Victoria Pavlova

“New format of schools” is a new feature of Moscow. Recently, the capital's mayor with the candidates for deputies from the United Russia started to talk about this very format: clean, good repair, modern equipment, plenty of space. Isn't it a revolution in education?

Moscow has recently amazed the imagination with its giant schools. In 2017, a school number 2048 was opened in Nekrasovka for 2,100 people, the same one was opened in Troitsk. Recently, a school in the ZILART microdistrict was commissioned. It is designed for 2,500 students and is considered the largest not only in Moscow, but throughout the country. The area of the new building is about 40 thousand square meters, and without a navigation system you can get lost there.

The construction of schools for several thousand students is a continuation of the consolidation policy that the Moscow government has been pursuing for several years, uniting schools and kindergartens into educational complexes. True, for some reason, these same giant schools do not often appear in various educational ratings ...

School number 338 named after Avdeeva , opened in 2019 in New Moscow, is the embodiment of this newest school format. The complex has 3 schools, 3 kindergartens, another school is on the way to join. Sergei Semenovich personally came to the opening of the new building. In his speech, he noted that this school is better than those in the "Old Moscow": it has unexpected architectural solutions, avant-garde equipment, cool offices.

But the reality turned out to be worse. It quickly became clear: since there are sorely lack of schools in New Moscow, high school students in the new institution were transferred from September to study in the second shift. Such is the new format of education, with a return 50 years ago. Here, by the way, it is not superfluous to remember that the transfer of schools only to the first shift is a long-standing promise of United Russia and Vladimir Putin's instructions from 2015. But since then, the training format, alas, has not changed.

The other day, the Council of Parents of this school sent a letter to "NI". It says, in part:

In connection with the enlargement of the school and the organization of the second shift of education, children and parents are placed in difficult conditions that call into question the educational process. There is no constructive reaction to our appeals to the Moscow Department of Education, to the Moscow City Duma deputies, only replies ... Today, our school greedily accepts everyone and even without a residence permit, contrary to what is specified in the law, in order to increase the rating! If the school accepted only with a residence permit, then the second shift could have been avoided. We have collected more than 250 signatures of parents and attached them to an appeal to various authorities in connection with the introduction of the second shift, but the school responds to all requests with a carbon copy. By law, the school has every right to refuse admission in the absence of places, but they do not. In the locker room, with one shift, there was always pandemonium, and now there are not even enough hooks, there will be stuffiness, and in connection with the covid, this cannot be done! The school does not think about the life and health of our children . "

Also, in the address of the parents, specific problems are indicated: the lack of classrooms, poor catering, the overload of teachers due to the huge number of students. How did it happen that the giant school was not adapted to reality?

“In high school, second-shift education is more than problematic. Because this is preparation for the OGE, the Unified State Exam, tutors, which almost everyone has, training courses for admission to universities. Now imagine a load of teachers. Those who taught in the first shift will teach in the second. That is, all day from morning until late at night at school? Are they made of iron? Working for one and a half - two stakes? This is despite the fact that now in Russia, according to official data, there are not enough teachers. And the teaching staff is "aging", there are few young people in schools. That is, several insoluble problems arise from the second shift: 1) How to provide the second shift with personnel? 2) The mode of the second shift for children means that the normal rhythm of their life is actually disrupted. How will this affect the educational process and the assimilation of knowledge? 3) Study ends in the evening, how can children get home in winter, especially in New Moscow? What about the sports sections, what about the health of children in general?”, - argues Leonid Perlov, teacher of geography, expert of the interregional trade union“ Uchitel ”.

It turns out, no matter how chic the interiors are, no matter what architectural delights the builders come up with, it is uncomfortable inside such complexes. As a result, there is an outflow of children to private schools.

“You all know that now in Moscow there are no schools, no kindergartens. Instead of them, certain "educational complexes" have been created, which include completely different branches that have replaced our native schools and kindergartens. I think this was done in order to eliminate free education. My confidence is confirmed by the history of school № 1974 in the 1st Kazachiy lane. The building in which it was located was first closed under the pretext of carrying out repairs, and after merging with other institutions, it was completely taken away. A dainty place. Children are taught at a school on Lyusinovskaya Street, which was already overcrowded. In the building of this educational institution, the learning process takes place in violation of the requirements of the current legislation, namely: the norms of the area per student in the classrooms are not observed. In addition, parents report that there is not enough space for children to eat normally in the dining room, there is not enough time for everyone to use the toilet at recess, and there is not enough space for outerwear in the wardrobe. The unscheduled inspection of Rospotrebnadzor, organized according to my requests, confirmed that, indeed, there are sorely lack of places in the complex. The documents have been sent to the court”, - says Yelena Shuvalova, a Moscow City Duma deputy.

We tried to understand the logic of the administration of such schools and got in touch with the administration of school № 338 named. Avdeev, from where the editorial board actually received an appeal from the School's Parents' Council. “There is active development in New Moscow, this is a problem of the district, we certainly want it to be comfortable and convenient, but we have 2-3 thousand applications for admission, and we cannot refuse by law, this is all at the place of residence. And what if the school is designed for fewer students? " - answered us in the reception of the director.

Acting Director of the school Andrey Belov sent an answer to our editorial inquiry about the order of training in the second shift. The answer is very long and detailed. There is no way to place it completely, so here is the most significant fragment.

School # 338 is located in an intensively developing area of New Moscow. The educational organization is in high demand, every year the number of pupils and students is increasing. The school buildings are designed for 1100 and 950 students, now they are completely filled. Currently, the school administration does not have the opportunity to simultaneously accommodate all students in the building, so it was decided to introduce a flexible schedule for the start of classes for the next academic year at the school. When developing the training schedule, the age and physiological characteristics of students, the need for additional education, as well as the operational characteristics of each building, including the number of classrooms, and sanitary safety requirements were taken into account. All schoolchildren are provided with the possibility of two, and, if necessary, three meals, which is fully consistent with all SanPin ... Children studying in the second shift will be able to attend circles both before and after lessons. At the moment, the school has more than 250 circles ”.

But the school is not about walls and a roof. Non-architectural delights and large spaces. School is, first of all, teachers who give knowledge to children. They are enthusiastic children who enjoy learning. Is this so in a giant school?

It is difficult to say how teachers themselves feel about double-shift work in giant schools. Teachers are reluctant to make contact - after all, their salaries in Moscow are among the highest, even by metropolitan standards.According to the Moscow Department of Education, the average salary of a teacher in the capital today is more than 116 thousand rubles . In a crisis, it is a shame to lose such a job. But nevertheless, opinions about the giant complexes and about the second shift in the teaching environment are heard.

“Educational complexes solve mainly economic problems. Their task is to reach as many students as possible with less staff. In these complexes, the main thing is accounting. Pedagogical problems in the background. Simultaneously with the emergence of the complexes, the concept of “planned-loss-making school” arose - this list includes those who do not fit into budget funding. Economics and accounting outweighed all other problems. The result was not long in coming: after the appearance of the complexes, already in 2014, the USE results began to fail. The maximum harm of the complex is that the concept of "school" is not applicable to it. And school is an organism. Suppose there are 3 or 5 thousand children in a school. In such a complex, the teacher does not have enough time for students. The director and his deputies are not teachers, they solve organizational and economic problems, teachers are crushed by reports. What kind of educational process can we talk about? ", - told" NI " teacher of geography, expert of the interregional trade union" Teacher "Leonid Perlov.

We contacted the deputy of the Moscow City Duma Elena Yanchuk, who also received appeals from parents concerned about the educational process in school complexes and training in the second shift. Unfortunately, the deputy does not see any solutions under the current policy of the Moscow authorities. Thoughtless development and an insufficient number of schools and teachers, the discrepancy between the number of places in schools and the number of children in new buildings - this is the essence of the problem, and only the Moscow authorities can solve it. But they prefer not to notice all this. Or not delve into the consequences.

“The system solution is the construction of social facilities, including schools, and a moratorium on any residential development prior to their construction. This problem is very acute in New Moscow due to its active commercial development and the departure of developers from their obligations. Social facilities, schools in the first place, either are not built at all, or are transferred to the last stage of construction. Why is it impossible to calculate the number of places for students when building? It would help solve the problems, but no one thinks about it. And yet, the Department of Education should not provide the building complex with figures on the sufficiency of places in schools, when in fact this is completely wrong", - says Yelena Yanchuk, a Moscow City Duma deputy.

When other times come, it's hard to say. We can only hope for a regularity: giants in nature often die out, because they cannot adapt to changes in the environment.

"